Factors Limiting the Frequency of RTD Oscillators

Abstract

The availability of compact, coherent, room-temperature sources with high output power is critical for numerous applications in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. Resonant-tunneling-diode (RTD) oscillators represent one of the most promising technologies for these requirements. This paper analyzes the factors limiting the maximum oscillation frequencies of RTD oscillators, specifically focusing on contact parasitics, spreading resistance, and antenna losses. By mitigating the effects of these parasitic elements, we optimize the antenna parameters—such as the slot antenna length and width—and the RTD mesa area to maximize oscillation frequencies for a given RTD wafer.